Doubling up: The Influence of Native and Foreign Language Cues in Foreign Language Double Consonant Spelling

In this study, we investigated which spelling cues are used in word-medial consonant by learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Previous research has shown that native speakers rely on different to decide whether single (“diner”) or double (“dinner”) needs be spelling. These include phonology, orthography, morphology and lexical frequency. We these play similar role Dutch spellers who EFL learners, next similarity the target Dutch. analyzed dictation task data was part an unsupervised digital learning environment for learning. The error analyses revealed novice mainly phonological cross-linguistic doubling. contrast, more proficient relied less cues, morphological instead. did not orthographic cues. Furthermore, difficulty influenced frequency word its with native-language equivalent, terms cognate status (non-cognate/cognate) Together, our findings indicate higher number converging facilitates their reliance changes proficiency increases.